After years of working with Bank of America employees (and being married to a former one), I’ve seen some patterns. These patterns are certain financial planning challenges that pop up time and time again. As a firm, we have grown adept at understanding how these challenges affect Bank of America employees and how to best address them. Take a minute to look through this list and see if you can relate to any of them.
1. Missing Out on Catch-Up Contributions
Many people ramp up their savings in their 50s so that they can grow their nest egg before they retire. Thankfully, 401(k) plans provide an easy way to do this through catch-up contributions. Typically, you can save up to $23,000 (for 2024); however, if you are over 50, you can include an extra $7,500, for a total of $30,500 a year. Be sure to increase your automatic contributions once you reach this age.
2. Not Maxing Out Your Match
Like many employers, Bank of America provides a 401(k) match, dollar for dollar, up to 5%. If you aren’t able to contribute the full allowable amount to your employer-sponsored account, at least save enough to max out the 401(k) matching benefit. Here’s an example of how this strategy can boost your retirement savings: If you earn $100,000 a year and save $5,000, you’ll receive another $5,000 from Bank of America. That’s money you don’t want to leave on the table!
3. Ignoring Roth 401(k) Benefits
You have the choice to contribute to a traditional 401(k) (where you get a tax deduction now and pay taxes on the withdrawals when you retire). You could also contribute to a Roth 401(k) (where your savings will grow tax-sheltered and your qualified withdrawals are tax-free, but you don’t get a tax break on your paychecks).
As there aren’t income limitations on Roth 401(k) contributions, high-income earners can invest in a Roth 401(k) to earn tax-free income rather than contribute to and convert a traditional IRA into a Roth IRA. This can make a Roth 401(k) a good option for an individual who doesn’t qualify for a Roth IRA but would like to generate a tax-free retirement income.
Your choice will depend on your unique financial situation, but regardless of where you land, be sure to weigh the pros and cons and work with a professional to run some numbers.
4. Not Looking Beyond Your 401(k)
Speaking of savings vehicles, when you’ve contributed to the limit of your 401(k), don’t stop there. If you are able to save above and beyond what your Bank of America-sponsored retirement plan allows, consider making after-tax, non-deductible contributions to an IRA.
If you qualify for a Roth IRA, that’s one option. But did you know that you can also contribute to a traditional IRA? And depending on your income, you may be able to deduct a portion or all of your traditional IRA contribution. But even without a tax deduction, this step can help you save more for your future1—up to $7,000 for 2024 ($8,000 if you’re 50 or older). You also get the benefit of this money growing tax deferred which could save you thousands of dollars in taxes.
5. Neglecting to Rebalance
It’s important to rebalance your portfolio every year to make sure your target asset allocation is intact and your investments are aligned with your risk level, but it’s even more critical to do this as you draw closer to retirement.
At retirement, the last thing you want to experience is losing a large portion of your investments due to a misallocated portfolio. Your money should be allocated based on your age, and time horizon. It should also be based Someone who is 20 years away from retirement and okay with losing 15% of their money is going to have a portfolio that looks very different from someone who is retiring in 5 years and isn’t willing to lose more than 8% of their savings. A financial professional can walk you through the process of determining exactly what level of risk you want to take and can afford to take. They can also explain how much liquidity you need and help you design a portfolio customized to your needs.
6. Not Taking Advantage of Timing
If you are planning to retire before you claim your Social Security benefits and start taking your required minimum distributions (RMDs), you might want to look into a Roth conversion. If you earned too much to qualify for a Roth IRA over the years, but you still want to reap the tax advantages they offer, you can pay taxes now to convert your traditional IRA to a Roth. This reduces the amount you are taxed when you withdraw your savings in retirement.
This needs to be a strategic decision; otherwise, you could risk bumping yourself up into a higher tax bracket for the year. This is since the amount withdrawn from your traditional IRA will count toward your annual income. But if you find yourself in a lower tax bracket before you start dipping into your Social Security and savings, you could save money in taxes down the road.
7. Not Accounting for Stock Risk
Some Bank of America employees have access to restricted stock awards. When this stock vests, you risk incurring a tax liability. This is why you need to plan ahead to minimize the taxes you pay. If it’s disadvantageous for you to pay taxes when these stocks vest, you can opt to take a Section 83(b) election when the restricted stock is granted. You can pay ordinary income tax on the amount at that time, rather than at vesting when your stock may be worth more and face higher income taxes (you will still need to pay capital gains tax on any stock gains at the time of sale but the idea is to pay as little income tax as possible).
8. Failing To Address Medicare Surcharges
If you are a high-income earner (over $103,000 for 2024), you will face a Medicare surcharge for Part B and D. This is over and above your premium amount. The surcharge IRMAA (income-related monthly adjustment amount), is based on your tax returns. Because of the timing of when your IRMAA charge is determined and because it’s always calculated looking at past returns, yours might need to be adjusted. Retirement, considered a life event, allows you to file form SSA-44. This is to possibly lower your IRMAA and receive a new determination.
9. Not Optimizing Your HSA for Long-Term Savings
While many people use their HSA funds to pay for current out-of-pocket medical expenses, you can also maximize your contributions, letting them grow for use in retirement when you’ll likely need them most. HSAs are a great complement to your other retirement savings accounts. They allow your IRAs and 401(k)s to cover regular living expenses. In this way, your HSA acts as a contingency fund earmarked just for health costs. Why wouldn’t you just stick with traditional retirement accounts? Because an HSA receives better tax treatment than any IRA or 401(k), it is a powerful way to maximize your nest egg.
Don’t Make These Mistakes!
The good news is that you don’t have to sort through your retirement and Bank of America benefit questions alone. At Calamita Wealth Management, we help Bank of America employees. Not only to understand their unique options but also to determine the best course of action to meet the Bank of America employees’ goals. To learn more, schedule an introductory phone call using our online calendar or reach out to us at (704) 276-7325 or todd@calamitawealth.com.
About Todd
Todd Calamita is the founder and managing principal of Calamita Wealth Management. This is an independent, fee-only wealth management company located in Charlotte, NC. Calamita Wealth serves people locally and across the country, that focuses on providing wealth management solutions to affluent individuals over age 50 and their families. He has more than 20 years of experience in the financial services industry. Todd Calamita is passionate about helping people have a better life. He does this by designing and implementing customized financial plans that bring clarity and confidence.
Todd is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ and CERTIFIED DIVORCE FINANCIAL ANALYST® professional. His educational background includes a Bachelor of Business Administration from Ohio University. He also received a Master of Business Administration from the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University. Aside from planning, he authored, Plan Smart: Conquering 10 Common Money Traps, as well as numerous articles on wide-ranging personal finance topics, from taxes to retirement accounts. He featured in a Financial Boot Camp TV series as a volunteer. There he was showing people how to make smart decisions with their money. When he’s not working, you can find Todd spending time with his wife, Teresa, and their two sons, Colin and Cameron. He enjoys rock climbing, swimming, and traveling. Todd even has a black belt in Tang Soo Do, a Korean martial art. To learn more about Todd, connect with him on LinkedIn.
